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Q:

How do you explain the function of the ailerons on the wing? It seems like they are "just deflecting" the airflow, upwards or downwards.

A:

Ailerons are used to control the roll of an airplane. On the outer edge of each wing there are 2 ailerons moving in opposite directions, one moving up and other down. This decreases the lift on one wing, and increases lift on the other, which results in the airplane rolling left or right.

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