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Orbital injection error is when there is an error with the velocity of a satellite as it is leaving Earth when traveling to another planetary body. When a satellite is leaving Earth's sphere of influence (the area where Earth's gravity affects the satellite), it needs to reach escape velocity. If the satellite has too little velocity, it will either undershoot its target or continue to orbit the Earth. If it has too much velocity, it will overshoot its target. This difference between the required velocity and actual velocity of the satellite is called the orbital injection error.